JRI (Jurnal Radiografer Indonesia)

Analisis Informasi Citra Anatomi Pada MRI Lumbal T2 Turbo Spin Echo (TSE) Potongan Axial Dengan Variasi Ukuran Matriks

Naurah Zalfa Indiawan, Ary Kurniawati, Rasyid — Tue, 26 May 2026 00:57:11 +0000

Background: The use of matrix size is a way to increase the spatial resolution. By using a small matrix size, it will reduce the spatial resolution, on the contrary, the use of a large matrix size will cause noise in the image. At Prof. Dr. R. Soeharso Orthopedic Hospital, the use of a low matrix will cause blurry images but can reduce scan time. The purpose of this research is to find out the difference in anatomical image information and to determine the optimal image for Lumbar MRI examination of T2 TSE axial sequence pieces with variations in matrix size.
Methods: This type of research is quantitative research with an experimental approach. This research was conducted at the Radiology Installation of Orthopedic Hospital Prof. Dr. R. Soeharso Surakarta. The research was conducted on 10 volunteers for Lumbar MRI examination with matrix size variations of 256 x 256, 384 x 384, and 512 x 512. Assessment of image results is carried out by giving questionnaires to respondents then for data processing is carried out with the Friedman test and Wilcoxon test.
Results: The results of the Lumbar MRI research of the T2 TSE axial sequence with variations in matrix size found that there were significant differences in all anatomy with a p value of 0.000 (p<0.05). There were differences for each anatomy of the nucleus, ligament flavum, spinous process, lamina arcus vertebrae, facet joint, spinal canal, neural foramina, transverse nerve, exiting nerve, and recess lateralis between matrices with a p value of 0.000. For annulus fibrosus p value 0,05. The optimal image results on all anatomical anatomies were obtained in a matrix measuring 384 x 384 with a mean rank value of 2.45.
Conclusions: The matrix with a size of 384 x 384 can display clearly, especially the small anatomy found in the lumbar such as the facet joint, neural foramina, transverse nerve, exiting nerve, and recess lateralis.

Analisis Informasi Anatomi MSCT Head Dengan Variasi IBHC dan Kernel Untuk Mengurangi Artefak Beam Hardening

Yeti Kartikasari, Andrey Nino Kurniawan, Johan Kholid Wijaya — Wed, 27 May 2026 13:43:43 +0000

Background: Beam hardening artifact is one of the limitations of Multi-Slice Computed Tomography (MSCT), occurring due to changes in the X-ray spectrum when passing through dense materials. This artifact often appears in the head region, particularly in the posterior fossa, and can interfere with anatomical information and pixel intensity evaluation in MSCT images. The Iterative Beam Hardening Correction (IBHC) technique is used to iteratively reduce these artifacts during the post-processing stage. This study aims to determine the differences in anatomical information and beam hardening artifacts in head MSCT with variations of kernel and IBHC, and to identify the most optimal protocol.
Methods: This study utilized a quantitative-experimental design with a sample of 10 patients who underwent non-contrast MSCT head examinations at Oetomo Hospital, Bandung. The raw data were reconstructed into four variations: Hr40 + IBHC On, Hr40 + IBHC Off, Hc40 + IBHC On, and Hc40 + IBHC Off. Three radiologists evaluated the resulting images using a questionnaire to assess anatomical information (petrous bone, cerebellum, mid brain, pons) and beam hardening artifacts. Data analysis was performed using the Friedman test.
Results: The Friedman test showed a significant difference in overall anatomical information (p=0.000,p<0.05) and beam hardening artifacts (p=0.002,p<0.05). The analysis per anatomical structure revealed significant differences in the cerebellum and mid brain, but not in the petrous bone. Based on the mean rank, the Hc40 + IBHC On kernel combination provided the best anatomical information (3.00), followed by Hr40 + IBHC On (2.94), Hc40 + IBHC Off (2.15), and Hr40 + IBHC Off (1.91). For beam hardening artifacts, the Hc40 + IBHC On combination yielded the lowest value (1.80), indicating the most optimal artifact reduction.
Conclusions: There are significant differences in anatomical information and beam hardening artifacts with variations in kernel and IBHC during MSCT head examinations. The Hc40 kernel with IBHC On is the most optimal protocol, as it provides the best anatomical visualization and effectively reduces beam hardening artifacts.Keywords: MSCT Head, Kernel, IBHC, Beam Hardening Artifact.

Prognosis Adenokarsinoma Paru Stadium Lanjut Berdasarkan Modalitas CT Scan dan X-Ray Thoraks: Sebuah Laporan Kasus

Frans Iqlessias, Sudharmadji — Wed, 27 May 2026 14:11:23 +0000

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma accounts for approximately 40% of cases of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and has a poor prognosis, especially in advanced stages. Most lung cancer patients present at an advanced stage, leading to increased treatment costs while life expectancy remains low. Very few studies in Indonesia have addressed cases of lung adenocarcinoma and their diagnostic approaches and management. This study aims to present a case report of a 53-year-old female patient with a final diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma based on radiological and histopathological examinations. Methods: This study contains a case report of a 53-year-old female patient with a final diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma based on radiological and histopathological examinations at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. Results: A 53-year-old female patient presented with complaints of shortness of breath, accompanied by a cough with phlegm, chest pain, and weight loss over the past five months. The sequential radiological images of this patient demonstrate rapid staging progression within more than a year. CT scan examinations shows advanced progression of lung cancer, leading to a worsening prognosis, especially in stage IV. A Histopathological examination was conducted, revealing the presence of malignant cells was identified, indicating non-squamous lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: In this case report, a 53-year-old female patient was diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma. The patient had a poor prognosis from the initial diagnosis to her final condition, despite receiving targeted therapy.

Prosedur Pemeriksaan Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) 4D Flow pada Klinis Tetralogy Of Fallot (ToF): Studi Kualitatif Keunggulan dan Implementasinya di Indonesia

Danil Hulmansyah, T.Mohd. Yoshandi, Shelly Angella, Hagesko Jowanda — Wed, 27 May 2026 14:22:17 +0000

Background: Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is an imaging technique used to view blood flow in the heart and is the gold standard for measuring it. However, in its development, the CMR technique that uses 4D imaging has become a novel technique that is not only capable of visualising blood flow in 4 dimensions, but also of observing parameters such as mean/peak velocity and cardiac kinetic energy. This technique is usually used to observe several clinical conditions such as Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).
Method: The study was conducted using qualitative methods with data collected through interviews, literature studies, and participatory observation. Respondents in this study were experienced radiographers directly involved in CMR examinations with clinical TOF using 4D flow techniques, such as radiologists and radiographers.
Results: Examination preparation included filling out consent forms, changing clothes, and removing metal objects. The radiographer attached VCG electrodes to the patient and installed a device to measure breathing. Sequences used ranged from BFFE survey, BB_SSh_Morphology, to various heart functions such as Function_NEAR2CH and others. The Q FLOW sequence for the aorta, pulmonary artery, and heart valves such as the mitral and tricuspid valves, followed by further 4D Q flow examinations. You must include the results or outcomes of the work you have done so far.
Conclusion: 4D Flow Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (4DFCMR) offers significant advantages in the diagnosis and management of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) compared to other imaging modalities. It provides dynamic three-dimensional visualisation and precise quantitative data, enabling more accurate assessment of the severity of pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defects, as well as effective post-operative monitoring. In Indonesia, this technology has great potential to improve the quality of care for TOF patients and contribute to understanding the unique characteristics of TOF in the local population.

Hubungan Waktu Peak Enhancement Terhadap Informasi Citra Pada Pemeriksaan CT Scan Abdomen Multiphase Dengan Klinis Metastasis Di Hepar

Anisya Nur Hidayati, Mahfud Edy Widiatmoko, Setio Adi Saputro, Legia Prananto — Wed, 27 May 2026 14:34:23 +0000

Latar Belakang Penelitian : Kanker merupakan penyebab utama kematian secara global dengan hepar sebagai organ yang sering menjadi lokasi metastasis terutama dari kanker kolorektal, payudara, dan paru-paru. Deteksi metastasis hepar bergantung pada pemeriksaan non invasif seperti CT scan abdomen multiphase dengan teknik bolus tracking yang memungkinkan penetuan waktu peak enhancement secara akurat sesuai dengan karakteristik faktor fisiologi pasien. Ketepatan waktu peak enhancement pada fase arteri menjadi faktor penting karna secara signifikan mempengaruhi nilai Hounsfield Unit (HU) pada organ anatomi yang akan diperiksa. Jika waktu pemindaian dilakukan terlalu dini gambaran belum optimal karena kontras belum terdistribusi secara menyeluruh namun, jika dilakukan terlambat menyebabkan washout pada gambaran yang mengurangi perbedaan densitas dan kualitas informasi citra secara keseluruhan.

Tujuan Penelitian : Menganalisis hubungan waktu peak enhancement terhadap informasi citra pada klinis metastasis kanker.

Metode Penelitian :Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis desktiptif kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan di RSUD Kab.Tanggerang pada agustus-oktober 2025. Menggunakan data sekunder dengan sample sebanyak 8 pasien. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi pemeriksaan Ct abdomen multiphase, pengkuran HU ROI menggunakan aplikasi radian, serta kuisioner evaluasi kualitas citra diberikan kepada 3 radiolog. Data pengukuran diolah dengan aplikasi spss untuk mencari hubungan waktu peak enhancement terhadap infomasi citra dengan menggunakan uji korelasi pearson.

Hasil Penelitian : Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif signifikan antara waktu peak enhancement terhadap nilai HU fase arteri. Hasil kuisioner juga mengkonfirmasi bahwa hasil citra dengan waktu peak enhancement yang cepat memiliki skor yang tinggi menegaskan bahwa pengaturan waktu pemindaian yang tepat menghasilkan hasil citra yang baik.

Kata Kunci :CT Scan Abdomen Multiphase, Bolus Tracking, Waktu Peak Enhancement, Hounsfield Unit (HU)

Analisis Window Width Dan Window Level Pada Window Lung Pemeriksaan CT-Scan Thorax Dengan Kasus TB Paru

Wed, 27 May 2026 14:46:29 +0000

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health problem, with approximately 85% of TB cases affecting the lungs. In this context, Thoracic CT Scans provide detailed anatomical visualization of the lungs, particularly for assessing pulmonary TB lesions. In relation to which, the quality of CT images is greatly influenced by the settings of Window Width (WW) and Window Level (WL), which determine image contrast and the visibility of anatomical structures and lesions.
Methods: The research employed a quantitative method with a subjective image analysis approach, involving six respondents. The sample consisted of 10 primary data sets and 10 secondary data sets, with variations in Window Width (WW) settings of 1500 and 1600 and Window Level (WL) settings of −400, −500, and −600.
The research was undertaken at Radiology Department of Persahabatan Central General Hospital starting from August up to October 2025 using a 128-slice Siemens CT Scanner. As for the data, they were gathered through among the other things direct observation during thoracic CT examinations, followed by image reconstruction with variations in Window Width and Window Level.
Results: As the results, this research demonstrated that there are significant differences in the image quality among the various WW and WL settings. A Window Width of 1500 and Window Level of -400 produced the highest image quality, providing clearer and more informative visualization of anatomical structures and pulmonary TB lesions. In contrast, a WW of 1600 and WL of -600 yielded the lowest image quality, as the pulmonary tissue appeared darker, reducing the visibility of anatomical details and lesions.
Conclusions: To get the most informative results for pulmonary TB patients using a 128-slice Siemens CT Scanner, clinicians should prioritize a WW 1500 / WL -400 configuration during image reconstruction.

Pencitraan Radiografi Appendicogram dengan Klinis Suspect Appendicitis

Merry Suzana, Mochamad Bayu Andika — Wed, 27 May 2026 14:58:47 +0000

Background: Appendicogram is an important radiology procedure to evaluate the appendix in patients with complaints of partial filling. This study aims to describe the management of Appendicogram Examination in clinical appendicitis at the Radiology Installation of RS Hermina Depok. The research
Methods: Method used was descriptive observational.
Results: The results showed that the procedure was carried out according to standards including patient preparation, use of contrast, projection techniques, and radiological evaluation. The radiographic results showed a picture of the appendiceal lumen, appendiceal wall, and the length of the appendix. Systematic management supports diagnostic success and the provision of follow-up therapy in patients with appendicitis.
Conclusion: Appendicogram examination at the Radiology Installation of RS Hermina Depok was conducted systematically and in accordance with standard procedures, resulting in optimal radiographic imaging to support the diagnosis of appendicitis. The findings of partial contrast filling in the appendix strengthened the clinical suspicion of appendicitis and assisted physicians in determining appropriate follow-up management and therapy

Analisa Variasi Faktor Eksposi Terhadap Nilai Exposure Index pada Pemeriksaan Radiografi Pelvis

Nabilla Pramitya, Prima Selvia Megawati, Kholik Al Amin — Wed, 27 May 2026 15:07:04 +0000

Background: The Exposure Index is a quantitative parameter used in digital radiography systems to indicate the level of radiation exposure received by the detector. Pelvic examinations involve a relatively large and dense area of the body, requiring a higher radiation dose than other areas to produce clear diagnostic images. The exposure index value helps determine whether the exposure is sufficient, insufficient, or excessive. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate exposure factor range (kV and mAs) to obtain an exposure index value in computed radiography, specifically for pelvic radiography examinations.
Methods: This research is quantitative with an experimental approach. The object of study was a body phantom. Data were collected by performing pelvic radiographic exposures using varying kV and mAs (kV: 75, 77, 80, 85, 90 and mAs: 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20) and measuring the exposure index values of the pelvic radiographs. Data were then analyzed using statistical tests.
Results: The results showed that kV had a very strong correlation with EI (r = 0.843; p < 0.01), while mAs had a moderate correlation (r = 0.502; p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that kV and mAs simultaneously had a significant effect on EI (p < 0.05), with kV as the most dominant factor.
Conclusions: The exposure factors kV and mAs significantly influence the Exposure Index (EI) value in computed radiography of the pelvis. The influence of kV on EI is more dominant than mAs, so kV settings are the primary factor in controlling EI, while mAs acts as an additional adjustment.

Analisis Perbedaan Informasi Citra Anatomi pada Pemeriksaan Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) dengan Menggunakan Teknik Parallel Imaging GRAPPA dan Compressed Sensing

Zaqy Afifah, Nanang Sulaksono, Asri Indah Ariyani — Wed, 27 May 2026 15:13:56 +0000

Background: Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a non-invasive diagnostic examination used to evaluate the biliary system. MRCP examinations have a long acquisition time, which reduces image quality due to respiratory artifacts. Parallel imaging techniques such as GRAPPA and compressed sensing (CS) are methods used to accelerate acquisition time. This study aims to analyze the differences in anatomical image information between using GRAPPA and CS in MRCP examinations triggered by respiratory trigger techniques.

Methods: This study used a quantitative research method with an experimental approach and a static design with a control group. The samples used were 16 MRCP patients in the T2 SPACE Coronal Trigger Iso sequence using GRAPPA and CS. The results were obtained based on the assessment of anatomical image information by two radiologists including Hepatic Ductus, Common Bile Ductus (CBD) and Cystic Ductus. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to determine differences in anatomical image information between MRCP examinations using GRAPPA and CS.

Results: The results showed significant differences in anatomical image information between GRAPPA and CS in the anatomy studied, with a p-value < 0.05. Analysis of anatomical image information showed that CS provided better image results, with clear anatomical structures, sharp boundaries, high contrast, darker background, lower noise levels, and faster acquisition times.

Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant difference in anatomical image information between using GRAPPA and CS. The CS technique produces better images in MRCP examinations.

Prosedur Pemeriksaan Multi Slice Computed Tomography Thoraks Guided Pada Kasus Tumor Mediastinum

Mega Indah Puspita, Susi Tri Isnoviasih, Angga Yosainto Bequet — Wed, 27 May 2026 15:31:50 +0000

Background: An accurate examination that can determine the type and stage of a mediastinal tumor is a guided biopsy, which takes a sample of tumor tissue. A thoracic MSCT examination in cases of mediastinal tumors with a guided biopsy is performed with special patient preparation, including a 4-hour fast and urea and creatinine tests. Scanning is not performed once the biopsy needle is inserted into the biopsy site, and the examination uses a 70 cc contrast medium injection at a flow rate of 2-3 ml after sample collection. The purpose of this study was to determine the procedure for a guided thoracic MSCT examination in cases of mediastinal tumors and to determine the rationale for using intravenous contrast medium injection after sample collection in a guided thoracic MSCT examination.
Methods: This research method was descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and interviews with three radiologists, three radiographers, related physicians, and the patient's family. The data were then categorized for open coding and interpretation.
Results: The results of this study indicate that guided thoracic MSCT examination in mediastinal tumor cases is performed with a 4-hour fast, urine and creatinine checks, pre-biopsy scans, biopsy procedures, and post-biopsy. The reason the scan was not performed during spinal needle injection was because the tumor area was large and located near the aorta, and to minimize radiation dose. The reason for using contrast media after sampling was to determine the location of the tumor, in addition to determining the presence of pneumothorax and metastasis to other organs.
Conclusions: The procedure for guided thoracic MSCT in mediastinal tumors involves specific preparation and post-sampling contrast injection to accurately locate the tumor and detect complications like pneumothorax or metastasis.