Efektifitas Pemberian Musik terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Mammografi

Abstract

Background: Music therapy is effective in reducing anxiety. High levels of anxiety can interfere with patient comfort, reduce cooperation, and reduce image quality. 67% of women experience discomfort during mammography examinations. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of music interventions in reducing anxiety levels in mammography patients.

Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a prospective approach, conducted at Karsa Husada General Hospital, Batu. A total of 32 participants were equally divided into two groups: the intervention group (who listened to music during the examination) and the control group (no music). Anxiety levels were assessed using the Hritt Marie Åhlander questionnaire and heart rate measurements before and after the procedure. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, paired t-test, and Mann–Whitney test via SPSS version 16.

Results: There was no significant difference in pre-intervention anxiety scores between the control group (28.5 ± 3.9) and the intervention group (31.2 ± 4.9) (p = 0.093). However, post-intervention results showed a significant difference between the intervention group (26.6 ± 2.8) and the control group (25.1 ± 3.3) (p = 0.000). Heart rates increased in the control group (from 73.0 ± 11.3 to 81.0 ± 14.5 bpm), while they decreased in the intervention group (from 91.1 ± 15.4 to 71.3 ± 8.5 bpm), showing a significant difference (p = 0.028). Both meassurenmet demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety following music therapy (p = 0.000).

Conclusion: Music intervention during mammography is effective in reducing patient anxiety levels. This intervention can be implemented as part of quality improvement efforts in radiology services.