Deteksi Kelainan Fibroadenoma Mammae (FAM) melalui Pemeriksaan Ultrasonografi dan Hubungannya dengan Riwayat Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal di Kalangan Wanita Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Fibroadenoma of the breast (FAM) is the most common benign tumor found in young women, characterized by abnormal proliferation of fibrous and glandular tissue. Ultrasonografi (USG) is widely used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool due to its ability to accurately assess the shape, size, and internal structure of tumors. Hormonal contraceptive use has been investigated as a potential risk factor in the development of FAM.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the relationship between hormonal contraceptive use and FAM incidence in Indonesian women. Data were collected from several health centers equipped with USG facilities, involving women from diverse age and socioeconomic backgrounds. A total of 500 subjects were analyzed, divided into groups based on contraceptive use history.

Results: The average age of participants was 30.79 years (SD = 6.317). Among 90 women without a history of hormonal contraceptive use, 78.9% had normal USG results, while 21.1% were diagnosed with FAM. In contrast, of the 410 women with a history of hormonal contraceptive use, only 2.2% had normal results, while 97.8% were diagnosed with FAM (29.5% left breast, 30.5% right breast, 37.8% bilateral). Chi-square test results showed a significant association (p = 0.000) between hormonal contraceptive use and FAM incidence.

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between hormonal contraceptive use and the occurrence of FAM. USG remains the most widely used modality for FAM detection due to its cost-effectiveness and availability across healthcare facilities in Indonesia.